Femoral Neck Fracture Anatomy - Everything You Need To Know - Dr. Nabil Ebraheim

Dr. Ebraheim’s educational animated video describes femoral neck fracture and fixation.

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Femoral Neck Fracture Anatomy
The neck shift angle is approximately 130 degrees. Anteversion is approximately 10 degrees. The calcar is an area of stress transfer. It is a posteromedial dense plate of bone. It forms an internal strut within the inferior part of the femoral neck and the intertrochanteric area. No periosteum in the femoral neck and no abundant callus. The fracture heals by endosteal proliferation. The medial femoral circumflex artery is the most important blood supply to the femoral head. In young patients, injury is usually high energy that may lead to avascular necrosis. Some believe that surgery should be urgent in the young patient in order to decompress the compressed vessels. The more displaced the fracture and the more vertical the fracture, then the more likely that the risk of complications will occur including disruption of the retinacular vessels, avascular necrosis, and nonunion. Femoral neck reduction should be anatomic, either by closed technique or open technique (if closed reduction technique fails).